Students who want to explore how "libraries" were invented as publicly accessible forms of great private book collections should read Kenneth M. Setton , “From Medieval to Modern Library,” Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, Vol. 104, No. 4, Dedication of Library Hall of the American Philosophical Society, Autumn General Meeting, November, 1959. (Aug. 15, 1960), pp. 371-390. Available online from this stable URL: http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0003-049X%2819600815%29104%3A4%3C371%3AFMTML%3E2.0.CO%3B2-Z.
Students interested in how modern print libraries are organized should spend a little while exploring the Library of Congress Classification System and the Dewey Decimal Classification System, both of which are now in use in the Julia Rogers Library. To see Thomas Jefferson's library's organizational plan, see "A Blueprint of Jefferson's Mind" (Library of Congress) or, better yet, visit the reconstuction of that library at the LoC, itself. Some other manuscript and print libraries (ex-Maureen Price's blog entry, "Limitless Libraries," 6/13/2010). Available at: http://notesonavisuallife.blogspot.com/
For a purely entertaining attempt to imagine the result of an alien civilization's conversion of an entire planet into a self-sustaining system of culture preservation (i.e., "a Library"), see this brief clip of "Forbidden Planet" (1956). The scientist, "Doctor Morbius" (Walter Pigeon) is explaining to two astronauts from Earth what the civilization called "the Krell" accomplished in a million years before they were all destroyed without a trace in a single night, leaving their planet / power-station / Library to look after itself for 20,000 years until Morbius' space expedition discovered it. (Hint: then they, too, were wiped out, all but the scientist and "the scientist's beautiful daughter," one of the origins of that sci-fi cliche.)
[If you are specifically interested in working in the publishing business, read W&A Chapter 6, "Editorial Procedures" (90-126). They give a good brief introduction to what editors do to manuscript or typescript texts to ready them for publication. It's invaluable work. Most authors, unlike Whitman (above), have too much on their minds to be bothered with textual edition and publication.]