Concordances and the
Authors' Horizon of Words' Meaning
The three hyperlinked web sites below are online
concordances:
Hyper-Concordance to Victorian-Era British, Irish, and
American Authors' Works: Mitsuharu
Matsuoka, of Nagoya University, has constructed a search engine that will
locate instances of individual word spellings in a great many works of
literature from roughly 1700-1900. He also has included a few earlier
authors, such as Shakespeare and other Renaissance playwrights, Spenser and
Chaucer, as well as the King James Version of the Bible (1605). Note
that you have to re-enter spelling variants (e.g., flower, flowers,
flowered, as well as bloom and bloomed and blossom, blossoming, etc.).
Nevertheless, a well-planned search can yield extraordinarily detailed
knowledge about how your author used specific words in context in a single
work.
CONCORDANCE
TO SHAKESPEARE'S WORKS--James Matthew ("Matty") Farrow has created
universally praised online searchable concordance to Shakespeare's works on
the University of Sydney (AU) Information Technologies web site. It
takes a little while to get good at using it. If you know for certain
that you only want to search one play, you can eliminate much of the
"underbrush" from your search return. If this does not work for you, try
the hard-copy print version in the library collection (below).
CONCORDANCE TO CHAUCER'S WORKS--Gerard NeCastro's (University of Maine,
Machias) searchable word-usage list for "Canterbury Tales," "Troilus," and
other works. If you "Google" the word, "concordance," you can access a
wide range of concordances to the Bible in various editions, as well as some
individual English authors like William Blake and Thomas Gray. Coverage
depends upon the enthusiasms of the creators, and (except for NeCastro's
Chaucer site) I have not investigated the scholarly reliability of any other
primary source texts. User beware! You also can use printed paper
concordances which you can find using OLLI and a keyword search on
"concordance." I own and would be happy to share with my students and
colleagues the scholarly concordances to the works of Malory and Marlowe.
Marlowe's plays also are covered by the Hyper-Concordance (above).
The following
concordances are available in the Library's print holdings: